2022 Nobel Prize
The winners of 2022 Nobel Prize winners have been announced. In six days, six awards were announced. These Nobel Awards are given to writers, scientists, journalists, social workers, human rights activists and economists. The Nobel Prize is the most prestigious award given to those who contribute to the welfare of mankind.
Nobel Prize History
The idea to give these awards was that of the Inventor Alfred Nobel. After the death of Alfred Nobel, the Nobel Foundation was set up. These awards were given for the first time in 1901. Until 1969, these awards were given in only five fields. But in 1969, Economics was also included by the Riksbank of Sweden.
The Nobel Prize can be given either to an individual or an institution. It can be shared by two or three people. The Nobel Prize is given at the beginning of the month of October. People around the world submit their nominations for the Nobel Prize.
There are a total of 6 fields in which the Nobel is given.
1. the Nobel prize for Chemistry
2. the Nobel prize for Physics
3. the Nobel prize for Medicine
4. the Nobel prize for Literature
5. the Nobel prize for Economics
6. the Nobel prize for Peace
It is to be noted that the Nobel Prize in all fields is given by Sweden except Peace. The Nobel Prize in Peace is given by Norway.
What Nobel Prize Winners get-
➔ Gold Medal
➔ A diploma certificate
➔ A sum of money which depends on the income of the Nobel foundation every year. This year, $900,000 will be given to each recipient.
Nobel Prize Winner 2022 List-
● The Nobel Prize in Physics –
The Nobel Prize in Physics is given to three scientists, Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, for their work experimenting with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science. They established that the entanglement phenomenon is real, which can be used in advanced computing, secure encrypted communication or Teleportation.
● The Nobel Prize in Chemistry –
Carolyn Bertozzi, Morten Meldal and K Barry Sharpless jointly got this award for the development of Click Chemistry in which molecules snap together at a fast pace. Their work will be helpful in cancer treatment and medical sciences.
What is Click Chemistry?
Click chemistry is a process in which two molecules can be synthesized under mild conditions to produce a new product that can be easily isolated.
● The Nobel Prize in Economics –
The Nobel Prize has been given to three people jointly in Economic Sciences. Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig. They have won the Nobel prize because of their research on the working of the banks in the financial crisis. Their research tells us how to regulate banks and how to manage financial crises. They have exhibited the importance of countering widespread bank collapses.
● The Nobel Peace Prize –
This year the Nobel Peace Prize 2022 is awarded to an individual and two other organisations. Human Rights Activist Ales Bialiatski from Belarus won the Nobel Peace Prize. At present, he is in jail. The Russian human rights organisation Memorial and the Ukrainian human rights organisation Center for Civil Liberties also got this award. The Nobel Peace Prize is given by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.
● The Nobel Prize in Literature –
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 is given to the French author Annie Ernaux “for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory”.
In her work, Annie Ernaux examines a life marked by strong disparities regarding gender, language and class.
● The Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology –
Svante Paabo has been awarded in medicine for his research into the evolution of humans. He discovered an unknown human species called the Denisovans.
